/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Base & Custom Properties
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

:root {
  --bg:          #f7f6f2;     /* warm off-white */
  --bg-alt:      #eeece6;     /* slightly darker cream for alternating sections */
  --white:       #ffffff;
  --blue:        #1b3a6b;     /* institutional slate blue */
  --blue-mid:    #2a5298;
  --blue-light:  #dce8f5;     /* very light blue for badges/cards */
  --text:        #1a1a1a;
  --muted:       #626260;
  --border:      #d8d4cb;
  --shadow:      rgba(27, 58, 107, 0.06);

  --font-serif: 'EB Garamond', Georgia, serif;
  --font-sans:  'Inter', system-ui, sans-serif;

  --radius: 3px;
  --container: 1060px;
  --section-pad: 5rem;
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 17px; }

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

/* ─── Utility ─── */
.container {
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

.section-label {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue-mid);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.hidden { display: none !important; }
.alt-bg { background: var(--white); }

/* ─── Typography ─── */
h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  line-height: 1.2;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text);
}

h1 { font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 3.4rem); }
h2 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.2rem); }
h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }

em { font-style: italic; }
strong { font-weight: 600; }
p { color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.75; }

a { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ─── Journal Badges ─── */
.journal-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.65rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.journal-aer  { background: #e8f0e8; color: #2e6b2e; }
.journal-rfs  { background: #e8edf8; color: #1b3a6b; }
.journal-ijcb { background: #f5ece0; color: #7a4510; }
.journal-feds { background: #f0edf8; color: #4a2d7a; }
.journal-wp   { background: #f2f2f2; color: #555; }

/* ─── Buttons ─── */
.btn-outline {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.55rem 1.2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--blue);
  color: var(--blue);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.18s;
}
.btn-outline:hover {
  background: var(--blue);
  color: var(--white);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-text {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.18s;
}
.btn-text:hover { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: none; }

.btn-download {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1.4rem;
  background: var(--blue);
  color: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 0.18s;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.btn-download:hover { background: var(--blue-mid); text-decoration: none; }

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Navigation
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#navbar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(247, 246, 242, 0.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  padding: 1rem 2rem;
  transition: border-color 0.25s, box-shadow 0.25s;
}

#navbar.scrolled {
  border-color: var(--border);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 12px var(--shadow);
}

.nav-inner {
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.logo {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.logo:hover { text-decoration: none; }

.nav-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.nav-links a {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active {
  color: var(--blue);
  border-color: var(--blue);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 4px;
}
.hamburger span {
  display: block;
  width: 22px;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: var(--text);
  transition: all 0.25s;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Hero
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#hero {
  padding: 7rem 0 4.5rem;
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 260px 1fr;
  gap: 3.5rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.headshot {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  display: block;
  filter: grayscale(8%);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px var(--shadow);
}

.pre-title {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue-mid);
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.affiliation {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.bio {
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  max-width: 600px;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Stats
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#stats {
  background: var(--blue);
  padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.stats-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
}

.stat-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 1.2rem 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}
.stat-item:last-child { border-right: none; }

.stat-num {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 2.4rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #ffffff;
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-align: center;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Featured Paper
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#featured {
  padding: var(--section-pad) 0;
  background: var(--bg);
}

.featured-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 3rem;
  align-items: center;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 4px solid #2e6b2e;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 2.5rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.featured-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2.5vw, 1.8rem);
  margin: 0.8rem 0 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.featured-meta {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.featured-link {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.featured-stat-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  text-align: center;
  min-width: 120px;
}

.featured-stat {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.2rem;
  padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
  background: var(--bg);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.fs-num {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  color: var(--blue);
  line-height: 1;
}

.fs-label {
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Recent / Papers Grid
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#recent {
  padding: var(--section-pad) 0;
  background: var(--white);
}

#recent h2 { margin-bottom: 2rem; }

.papers-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.paper-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  transition: box-shadow 0.18s;
}

.paper-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px var(--shadow);
}

.paper-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.paper-year {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 500;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.paper-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--text);
  flex: 1;
}

.coauthors {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-style: italic;
}

.paper-link {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--blue);
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 0.5rem;
}

.view-all {
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.view-all a {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--blue);
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Page Header (inner pages)
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.page-header {
  padding: 7rem 0 2.5rem;
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.page-header h1 {
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.page-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.page-header-flex {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.page-jump {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 1.2rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.page-jump a {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.page-jump a:hover { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: none; }

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Research Page
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.research-section {
  padding: 2.5rem 0 var(--section-pad);
}

.paper-entry {
  padding: 1.8rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.paper-entry:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.pe-header { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.4rem; }

.pe-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.pe-year {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.pe-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 1.35rem);
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-top: 0.2rem;
}

.pe-authors {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-style: italic;
}
.pe-authors a {
  color: inherit;
  font-style: italic;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(98,98,96,0.35);
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}
.pe-authors a:hover {
  color: var(--blue);
  text-decoration-color: var(--blue);
}

.pe-solo {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #2e6b2e;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.pe-bullets {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0.3rem 0 0.15rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.22rem;
}
.pe-bullets li {
  font-size: 0.83rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
  position: relative;
}
.pe-bullets li::before {
  content: '–';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.pe-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  margin-top: 0.4rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.pe-link {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.pe-ref {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

/* Abstract toggle */
.abstract-toggle {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--blue);
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.abstract-toggle:hover { color: var(--blue-mid); }
.abstract-toggle.open { color: var(--muted); }

.abstract-body {
  display: none;
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 1.2rem 1.4rem;
  background: var(--blue-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--blue-mid);
}

.abstract-body.open { display: block; }

.abstract-body p {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text);
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   CV Page
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.cv-main {
  padding: 2.5rem 0 var(--section-pad);
}

.cv-body {
  max-width: 800px;
}

.cv-section {
  padding: 2rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.cv-section:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.cv-section-title {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue-mid);
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.cv-entries {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.cv-entry {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.cv-year {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 500;
  padding-top: 0.15rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.cv-desc {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.15rem;
}

.cv-desc strong {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--text);
  display: block;
}

.cv-desc span {
  font-size: 0.83rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.cv-detail {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.cv-fields {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.cv-papers {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.9rem;
}

.cv-paper p {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text);
}

.cv-referees {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.9;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Links Page
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.links-main {
  padding: 2.5rem 0 var(--section-pad);
}

.links-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.links-col h2 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.links-h2-spaced {
  margin-top: 2.5rem !important;
}

.links-list-main {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}

.links-list-main li a {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.links-list-coauthors {
  list-style: none;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
}

.links-list-coauthors li a {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.coauthor-nolink {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Footer
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
footer {
  background: var(--white);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 3rem 2rem 2rem;
}

.footer-inner {
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.footer-top {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.footer-name {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--text) !important;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.footer-title {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.footer-email {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
}

.footer-right { text-align: right; }

.footer-links-label {
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}

.footer-nav {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.footer-nav a {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.footer-nav a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

.coaching-ref {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  transition: all 0.15s;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.coaching-ref:hover {
  color: var(--blue);
  border-color: var(--blue);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-bottom {}

.disclaimer {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  line-height: 1.6;
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.copyright {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: #aaa !important;
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Responsive
───────────────────────────────────────────── */
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .headshot { max-width: 220px; }

  .stats-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .stat-item:nth-child(2) { border-right: none; }

  .featured-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .featured-stat-row { flex-direction: row; justify-content: flex-start; }

  .papers-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .links-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
  .links-list-coauthors { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .footer-right { text-align: left; }
  .footer-nav { align-items: flex-start; }

  .cv-entry { grid-template-columns: 80px 1fr; gap: 1rem; }

  .page-header-flex { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }

  .hamburger { display: flex; }

  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0; right: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: 1.2rem 2rem;
    gap: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px var(--shadow);
  }

  .nav-links.open { display: flex; }
  .nav-links a { font-size: 0.9rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  :root { --section-pad: 3rem; }
  .stats-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .hero-actions { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .cv-entry { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.2rem; }
  .cv-year { font-size: 0.75rem; }
}